2024-07-23
There are many types of casting defects, and the causes of defects are also very complicated. Therefore, when analyzing the causes of casting defects, we should start from the specific situation, conduct a comprehensive analysis based on the characteristics, location, process and sand used, and then take corresponding technical measures to prevent and eliminate defects. 1. Not pouring Prevention methods: Increase the pouring temperature, speed up the pouring speed, and prevent intermittent pouring; Increase the cross-sectional area of the runner and the inner runner; Adjust the post-furnace batching to appropriately increase the carbon and silicon content; Strengthen the exhaust in the casting mold, reduce the amount of coal powder and organic matter added in the sand; Increase the height of the upper sand box. 2. Not full Prevention methods: Correctly estimate the amount of molten iron in the ladle; For castings with narrow runners, appropriately slow down the pouring speed to ensure that the casting is full. 3. Damage Prevention methods: When cleaning and transporting castings, pay attention to avoid various forms of excessive collision and vibration, and avoid unreasonable dropping; When cleaning the drum, strictly follow the process regulations and requirements; Modify the size of the riser and the riser neck, make the riser neck knock section, and correctly grasp the direction of the pouring riser. 4. Sticky sand and rough surface Prevention methods: When the air permeability is sufficient, use finer raw sand and appropriately increase the compactness of the molding sand; Ensure a stable effective coal powder content in the molding sand; Strictly control the moisture content of the sand; Improve the pouring system, improve the pouring operation, and reduce the pouring temperature; Control the template baking temperature, which is generally equal to or slightly higher than the molding sand temperature. 5. Sand holes Prevention methods: Increase the sticky sand content in the molding sand, add new sand in time, and improve the surface strength of the molding sand; The mold finish should be high, and the draft angle and casting fillet should be reasonably made. Damaged molds should be repaired before assembling; Shorten the placement time of sand molds before pouring; Be careful when assembling or transporting molds to avoid damage or sand particles falling into the sand mold cavity; Remove floating sand in the mold before assembling and cover the gate. 6. Seam filling and sand expansion Prevention methods: Improve the compactness of the mold and avoid local looseness; Adjust the sand mixing process, control the water content, and improve the strength of the mold sand; Reduce the pressure head of the liquid metal and reduce the pouring speed. 7. Lifting the box Prevention methods: Increase the weight of the iron weight, and remove the iron weight after the molten iron solidifies; Lower the position of the ladle and reduce the pouring speed; Cor...
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